Precautions to take when dealing with bone fractures

A bone fracture is an unexpected medical condition that can occur to anyone at any time. It can range from causing mild discomfort to severe injuries that could be life-threatening if immediate first aid and prompt medical attention are not provided. This article offers guidance on what should and should not be done when dealing with bone fractures, as accidents can befall anyone at any time.

Causes of Bone Fractures

Bone fractures primarily stem from two factors:

• Extreme Force is the most frequent cause in young individuals or those with robust bone health. Human bones are naturally resilient, requiring a substantial impact to fracture, typically from incidents like traffic accidents, falls from heights, or forceful twisting motions.
• Bone Thinning and Osteoporosis: Common in older adults, this condition renders bones fragile, making them susceptible to cracks or fractures even from minor forces or falls.

Considerations of Bone Fractures

When discussing bone fractures, many people may worry only about whether the bones will heal or if a cast is sufficient. However, the reality is that bone fractures can be more dangerous than initially thought. What is concerning about bone fractures is the sharpness of the broken bone ends, which can cause damage to muscles, nerves, and blood vessels nearby, leading to increased injuries. For instance, a fractured rib can puncture the lung and cause air leakage in the lung. If the blood vessels are damaged and cannot supply blood to the peripheral organs, it can result in organ damage if not treated promptly.

What comes next for concern is the proper treatment. Otherwise, the bones may not naturally reconnect, especially in the case of femoral neck hip fractures.

Finally, when a cast is applied for bone fractures, especially those that require bridging across joints, it can immobilize the joints for an extended period, leading to joint stiffness or reduced mobility. Therefore, it is essential to calculate the appropriate duration for cast immobilization, ensuring it is long enough for bone healing but not too long to cause joint stiffness. A qualified medical specialist should determine the appropriate duration.

Worthy of note: If joint stiffness results from cast immobilization, physical therapy can aid in restoring joint function and enhancing mobility.

Avoiding Pitfalls with Bone Fractures

When suspecting bone fracture, look for signs and symptoms like pain, swelling, or deformities. In such situations:

• Avoid Untrained Assistance: Broken bone fragments can be sharp, and inappropriate movement by the injured individual or untrained persons can worsen injuries by damaging organs, blood vessels, or nerves. It is advisable to keep the individual still and promptly call for professional medical assistance.
• Seek Orthopedic Expertise: Receiving proper treatment from an orthopedic specialist is essential for optimal recovery.

Promoting Healing

To expedite healing, consider the following:

• Diet: Consume a diet rich in calcium and protein, essential for bone healing and muscle recovery. Get adequate vitamin D by spending time outdoors during specific hours or consulting a doctor for supplements in the case of deficiency.
• Medical Treatment: Adhering to the recommended medical treatment, whether cast immobilization, surgery, or other procedures, can accelerate healing and reduce the risk of nonunion or delayed union. The typical healing period for bones is approximately 3-6 months.
• Postoperative Physical Therapy: Engaging in weight-bearing and motion exercises as prescribed by a medical specialist can enhance healing and lower the risk of fixation device damage.
• Bone Fixations: Older patients with osteoporosis may benefit from high tensile strength bone fixations to regain stability and functionality. Simultaneous osteoporosis treatment, including bone mineral density assessments and fall prevention measures, is advisable.
• Smoking Cessation: Smoking, including vaping, can hinder bone healing by inhibiting bone mass production. Patients with fractures or osteoporosis should quit smoking to expedite the healing process.

In conclusion, bone fractures can have significant consequences, but prompt action, appropriate treatment, and self-care measures can facilitate faster recovery and the resumption of daily activities.